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A Systematic Review of Reported Exposure to Engineered Nanomaterials.

Maximilien Debia¹, Bouchra Bakhiyi², Claude Ostiguy³

¹1.Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Institut de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal (IRSPUM), CP 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; 2.Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), 505, Boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal, Québec H3A 3C2, Canada; maximilien.debia@umontreal.ca.

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene

|July 17, 2016

Summary

Occupational exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is common, particularly during handling tasks. Engineering controls significantly reduce worker exposure, though more research is needed in developing countries.

Keywords:

exposure assessment nanomaterial risk assessment systematic review

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Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Nanomaterial Safety
Industrial Hygiene

Background:

Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) offer economic benefits but raise concerns regarding occupational health and safety.
Monitoring worker exposure is crucial for effective risk management in nanomaterial handling.
This review focuses on studies assessing potential occupational exposure to ENMs.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and synthesize findings on occupational exposure to ENMs.
To identify tasks, exposure levels, and control measures associated with ENM use in various workplaces.
To evaluate the quality of evidence regarding ENM exposure scenarios.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search for studies published between 2000 and 2015.
Inclusion of studies with comprehensive exposure assessment methods.
Categorization of ENMs (carbonaceous, metallic, nanoclays) and narrative synthesis of data on tasks, monitoring, outcomes, and controls.

Main Results:

50 studies covering 306 exposure situations in 72 workplaces were included; 233 situations showed potential ENM exposure.
Exposure was highest for nanoclays (100%), followed by carbonaceous (83%) and metallic ENMs (73%).
Engineering controls reduced exposure levels for elemental carbon, carbon nanofibres, and various metal oxide nanoparticles.

Conclusions:

High-quality evidence confirms potential exposure to specific ENMs like CNTs, CNFs, Al2O3, TiO2, and Ag NPs.
Handling tasks are the primary source of exposure, often involving agglomerated micro-sized NPs.
Engineering controls effectively reduce worker exposure, but data from low- and middle-income countries are lacking.