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Cold urticaria: a 20-year follow-up study.

S V Jain¹, R J Mullins^2,3

¹Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV

|July 17, 2016

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Chronic cold urticaria often persists, with low spontaneous resolution rates impacting quality of life. Many patients manage symptoms through lifestyle changes, not medication.

Area of Science:

Allergy and Immunology
Dermatology
Clinical Medicine

Background:

Chronic cold urticaria (CCU) is a condition causing significant morbidity.
Limited data exists on the natural history and long-term prognosis of CCU.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the natural history of chronic cold urticaria.
To assess the impact of CCU on patients' quality of life.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 99 patients diagnosed with cold urticaria between 1995-2015.
Follow-up data collected via mailed questionnaires, assessing disease resolution, improvement, and symptom duration.
Evaluation of potential risk factors for disease severity and persistence.

Main Results:

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The study included 99 patients (63% female, median age 42).
Among 41 responders with a median follow-up of 12 years, 5- and 10-year spontaneous resolution rates were 17.9% and 24.5%, respectively.
55% reported stable or worsening disease; intercurrent atopic disease and longer symptom duration at diagnosis predicted persistent disease.

Conclusions:

Chronic cold urticaria demonstrates low rates of spontaneous resolution in a subset of patients.
The condition frequently leads to necessary lifestyle modifications and can impair quality of life.
Only two cases of secondary cold urticaria, associated with B-cell malignancy, were identified.