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Fish Aversion and Attraction to Selected Agrichemicals.

João Gabriel Santos da Rosa1, Murilo Sander de Abreu1, Ana Cristina Varrone Giacomini1,2

  • 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.

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Summary

Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are aversive to fish, while atrazine-based herbicides (ABH) and tebuconazole-based fungicides (TBF) are not. Fish avoid GBH, but may remain in contact with ABH and TBF, increasing chemical uptake.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Aquatic Ecotoxicology
  • Agrichemical Risk Assessment

Background:

  • Agricultural runoff introduces pesticides into aquatic ecosystems, posing risks to non-target organisms.
  • Fish are exposed to various agrichemicals, including fungicides and herbicides, through contaminated water.
  • Understanding fish behavior towards these contaminants is crucial for assessing ecological risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if common agrichemicals are attractant or aversive to fish.
  • To evaluate the behavioral response of zebrafish to tebuconazole-based fungicides (TBF), glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH), and atrazine-based herbicides (ABH).

Main Methods:

  • Adult zebrafish were exposed to lanes of water contaminated with TBF, GBH, or ABH in a choice-chamber.
  • The study measured fish behavior to assess attraction or aversion to the tested agrichemicals.
  • Time and dose dependency of chemical uptake and bioaccumulation in fish were considered.

Main Results:

  • Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) were found to be aversive to zebrafish.
  • Atrazine-based herbicides (ABH) and tebuconazole-based fungicides (TBF) elicited neither attraction nor aversion in zebrafish.
  • Fish avoidance of GBH suggests a reduced risk of prolonged exposure compared to ABH and TBF.

Conclusions:

  • Agrichemicals like ABH and TBF may pose a greater risk due to the absence of an aversive response, leading to potential bioaccumulation.
  • Fish behavior is a critical factor in determining the actual toxicological risk posed by environmental contaminants.
  • Further research is needed to understand the long-term implications of chronic, low-level exposure to these agrichemicals in aquatic environments.