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Related Concept Videos

Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity01:11

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The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
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The neuronal supply to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is essential for regulating various functions, including digestion, absorption, and movement of food. This intricate network of nerves is known as the enteric nervous system (ENS), often referred to as the "second brain" of the body.
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Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

An In-vitro Preparation of Isolated Enteric Neurons and Glia from the Myenteric Plexus of the Adult Mouse
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Genetics of enteric neuropathies.

Erwin Brosens1, Alan J Burns2, Alice S Brooks1

  • 1Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Centre - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Developmental Biology
|July 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Neuropathic gastrointestinal motility disorders stem from abnormal enteric nervous system (ENS) development. A common defective mechanism, influenced by genetics and environment, explains disease severity and varied symptoms.

Keywords:
AganglionosisEnteric nervous systemEnteric neuropathyGastrointestinal tractHypoganglionosis

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Abnormal development or function of the enteric nervous system (ENS) underlies neuropathic gastrointestinal motility disorders.
  • The ENS is the intrinsic innervation of the gastrointestinal tract.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular basis of ENS-related gastrointestinal motility disorders.
  • To hypothesize a common defective biological mechanism underlying these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of molecular mechanisms.
  • Hypothesis generation based on existing data.

Main Results:

  • Identified a potential common defective biological mechanism for various ENS disorders.
  • Proposed that genetic and environmental factors modulate this mechanism, influencing disease severity and symptom heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Many neuropathic gastrointestinal motility disorders may share a common underlying molecular defect.
  • Disease presentation exists on a continuum, from neuronal hyperplasia to absence of neurons, dictated by genetic and environmental interactions.