[Pulmonary manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus]

Area of Science:

• Rheumatology
• Pulmonology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prevalent connective tissue disease with significant systemic impact.
• Pulmonary manifestations are common in SLE, affecting prognosis and requiring careful management.
• Understanding the spectrum of lung involvement in SLE is critical for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and summarize the diverse pulmonary manifestations associated with SLE.
• To discuss the diagnostic approaches for lung involvement in SLE patients.
• To outline current therapeutic strategies and prognostic factors for respiratory complications in SLE.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies focusing on pulmonary manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus.
• Classification of lung involvement based on anatomical structures affected.
• Synthesis of information regarding diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Main Results:

• Pulmonary involvement in SLE can affect the pleura, lung parenchyma, airways, vasculature, and respiratory muscles.
• Common manifestations include pleuritis, pleural effusion, pulmonary vascular disease, airway dysfunction, parenchymal disease, and shrinking lung syndrome.
• Lung involvement is a significant prognostic indicator in SLE.

Conclusions:

• Pulmonary complications are a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus, impacting multiple respiratory system components.
• Accurate diagnosis and timely therapeutic interventions are essential for improving outcomes in SLE patients with lung disease.
• This review provides a comprehensive overview of SLE-related lung disease, aiding clinicians in management.