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An Adaptable Metric Shapes Perceptual Space.

Rumi Hisakata1, Shin'ya Nishida2, Alan Johnston3

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Visual adaptation influences our perception of spatial separation and size. Adapting to dense textures paradoxically shrinks perceived distances and object sizes, revealing a flexible spatial metric in the brain.

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Area of Science:

  • Visual neuroscience
  • Perception science
  • Computational neuroscience

Background:

  • Visual direction is encoded by local sign, but perceived separations are not direct neural signal separations.
  • Retinal and cortical magnification modify neural signal separations, necessitating a scaling process for veridical direction perception.
  • This neural scaling process may be modulated by sensory adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how adaptation influences the perception of spatial separation and size.
  • To explore the relationship between perceived texture density and perceived spatial extent.
  • To uncover the properties of the neural mechanisms underlying spatial perception.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel adaptation paradigm using random dot patterns.
  • Measured perceived separation of dot pairs after adaptation.
  • Assessed perceived size of geometric figures following adaptation to varying dot densities.

Main Results:

  • Adapting to high-density textures increased perceived sparseness of lower-density patterns.
  • Paradoxically, adaptation reduced the perceived separation of dot pairs.
  • Adaptation induced apparent shrinkage of geometric forms, demonstrating a contrary linkage between perceived density and extent.

Conclusions:

  • Perceived spatial separation and size are relative to a variable spatial metric.
  • This metric's properties are revealed by adaptation-induced changes in perceived size and texture density.
  • Sensory adaptation dynamically alters the neural representation of space, impacting spatial judgments.