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Topographical functional connectivity patterns exist in the congenitally, prelingually deaf.

Ella Striem-Amit1, Jorge Almeida2,3, Mario Belledonne1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Scientific Reports
|July 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital deafness does not prevent the development of tonotopic functional connectivity in the auditory cortex. This brain organization persists even without hearing, suggesting potential for cochlear implant success.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Congenital deafness significantly alters auditory cortex structure and function.
  • Early cochlear implantation is crucial for developing high-level auditory skills in deaf children.
  • The impact of congenital, prelingual deafness on auditory cortex organization and tonotopic mapping remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the large-scale topographical organization of the auditory cortex in individuals with congenital deafness.
  • To determine if this organization develops and is retained despite lifelong auditory deprivation and cross-modal plasticity.
  • To explore the potential of this organization as a predictor for cochlear implant rehabilitation outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to identify topographic tonotopy-based functional connectivity (FC).
  • Analysis focused on the core auditory cortex, belt regions, and language areas.
  • FC patterns were assessed in congenitally deaf individuals, including those without hearing aid use or advanced oral language skills.

Main Results:

  • A topographic tonotopy-based FC structure was identified in the auditory cortex of congenitally deaf individuals.
  • This FC structure was consistently observed across the auditory cortex, including language areas, in the majority of deaf subjects.
  • The identified FC pattern was present at the single-subject level, irrespective of hearing status or language proficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Large-scale tonotopic-based FC in the auditory cortex develops and is retained even without auditory sensory experience.
  • Lifelong auditory deprivation and cross-modal plasticity do not abolish this fundamental brain organization.
  • The degree of retained FC may predict individual success in auditory rehabilitation with cochlear implants.