Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 17, 2026
Author Spotlight: Improved Localization and Monitoring of Coronary Flow Reserve Using Modified PLAX View in Mice
Published on: August 25, 2023
Higher CHADS2 score is associated with impaired coronary flow reserve: A study using phase contrast cine magnetic
Hidekuni Kirigaya1, Shingo Kato1, Daiki Gyotoku1
1Department of Cardiology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Japan.
Insights
The CHADS2 score is linked to coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A higher CHADS2 score indicates a lower coronary flow reserve (CFR), suggesting worse microvascular function.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a key prognostic indicator in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
- Assessing CMD is crucial for managing CAD patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between the CHADS2 score and CMD.
- To evaluate CMD using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Main Methods:
- 143 patients with suspected CAD underwent MRI.
- Coronary flow reserve (CFR) was measured using phase contrast cine MRI of the coronary sinus at rest and during adenosine triphosphate infusion.
- CMD was defined as CFR < 2.5.
Main Results:
- Mean CFR was 2.81±0.95.
- Patients with higher CHADS2 scores exhibited lower CFR.
- The CHADS2 score was independently associated with CFR (OR=0.61, p=0.049).
Conclusions:
- A higher CHADS2 score is significantly associated with reduced CFR.
- This suggests that the CHADS2 score may reflect underlying coronary microvascular dysfunction in CAD patients.
Background:
The presence of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is an important prognostic marker for coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the CHADS2 score is associated with CMD evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Materials And Methods:
One hundred forty three patients with known or suspected CAD (mean age 70.3±9.5years) were enrolled. All patients did not have any significant coronary stenosis on X-ray coronary angiography (CAG) at the time of MRI acquisition. By using a 1.5T MRI scanner, breath-hold phase contrast cine MRI images of coronary sinus (CS) were obtained to assess the blood flow of CS both at rest and during adenosine triphosphate (ATP) infusion. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) was calculated as CS blood flow during ATP infusion divided by CS blood flow at rest. CMD was defined as CFR<2.5 according to a previous study. Patients were allocated to four groups based on the CHADS2 score (group1: CHADS2 score=0, group2: CHADS2 score=1; group3: CHADS2 score=2, and group4: CHADS2 score≥3).
Results:
Mean CFR was 2.81±0.95 (77.6±32.7mL/min at rest; 208.2±86.5mL/min during ATP infusion, p<0.001). Patients with higher CHAD2 score had lower CFR. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, CHADS2 score was independently associated with CFR (odds ratio=0.61, 95% confidence interval: 0.37-0.99, p=0.049).
Conclusions:
Higher CHADS2 score was significantly associated with lower CFR evaluated by phase contrast cine MRI.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT
01:30Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies
01:28Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT