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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

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Substantial Decrease in Comorbidity 5 Years After Gastric Bypass: A Population-based Study From the Scandinavian

Magnus Sundbom1, Jakob Hedberg, Richard Marsk

  • 1*Department of Surgical Sciences, Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden †Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ‡Department of Surgery, Lycksele Hospital, Lycksele, Sweden §Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden ¶Aleris Obesity & Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden ||Department of Gastrosurgical Research and Education, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden **Österlenskirurgin, Simrishamn Hospital, Simrishamn, Sweden ††Department of Surgery, Kalmar County Hospital, Kalmar, Sweden ‡‡Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.

Annals of Surgery
|July 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary

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Laparoscopic metabolic and bariatric surgery in patients with high body mass index-a nationwide registry-based cohort study.

Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery·2026
This summary is machine-generated.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery significantly improved obesity-related diseases and led to sustained weight loss over five years. Increased antidepressant use was noted, requiring further study.

Area of Science:

  • Bariatric Surgery Outcomes
  • Obesity Medicine
  • Metabolic Disease Research

Background:

  • Increasing rates of obesity and related comorbidities necessitate long-term outcome studies.
  • Limited population-based data exists on the long-term effects of bariatric surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the 5-year effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on comorbid diseases and weight loss.
  • To analyze outcomes in a large, nationwide cohort of morbidly obese patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 26,119 individuals undergoing primary RYGB (2007-2012) from Swedish quality registries.
  • Assessed weight, remission of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, depression, and sleep apnea at 5-year follow-up.
  • 100% follow-up achieved for 9774 eligible individuals regarding comorbid diseases.

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Main Results:

  • Body Mass Index (BMI) decreased by 27.7% (from 42.8 to 31.2 kg/m²).
  • Significant reductions observed in type 2 diabetes (15.5% to 5.9%), hypertension (29.7% to 19.5%), dyslipidemia (14.0% to 6.8%), and sleep apnea (9.6% to 2.6%).
  • Antidepressant use increased (24.1% to 27.5%), while laboratory markers like glucose and HbA1c improved.

Conclusions:

  • RYGB surgery leads to substantial improvements in obesity-related comorbid conditions and sustained weight loss over 5 years.
  • Greater weight loss correlated with better remission; higher baseline age/BMI were negative factors.
  • The rise in antidepressant use post-RYGB warrants further investigation.