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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Developing Low-Tech Balance Assessment Methods for Broad-Spectrum Healthcare Applications
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Gait and balance disorders.

Joseph C Masdeu1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|July 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Altered walking, a common neurologic disorder, stems from impaired gait and balance mechanisms. This chapter details the neurobiology of walking and imaging strategies for diagnosing causes of gait and balance dysfunction.

Keywords:
balancecomputed tomographygaithydrocephalusmagnetic resonance imagingpositron emission tomographythalamuswalkingwhite-matter disease

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Gait and Balance Disorders

Background:

  • Altered walking is a prevalent neurologic disorder resulting from dysfunction in gait and balance systems.
  • These systems involve complex neural structures distributed throughout the neuraxis.
  • Understanding the neurobiology of walking is crucial for accurate neuroimaging interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a neurobiologic overview of walking, focusing on information critical for neuroimaging.
  • To guide the selection and interpretation of imaging tools for gait and balance disorders.
  • To discuss imaging approaches for common etiologies of walking impairment, excluding Parkinson's disease, cerebellar ataxia, and typical spastic hemiplegia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neuroanatomic and neurophysiologic principles of gait and balance.
  • Discussion of neuroimaging techniques relevant to neurologic walking deficits.
  • Focus on microvascular disease and its impact on walking, with associated imaging strategies.

Main Results:

  • The chapter outlines the neural underpinnings of gait and balance, essential for targeted neuroimaging.
  • It emphasizes the importance of understanding neuroanatomy to correctly interpret imaging findings.
  • Specific attention is given to the neuroimaging of microvascular disease-related walking impairments.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of walking impairment requires understanding the neurobiology of gait and balance.
  • Neuroimaging plays a vital role in identifying the structural basis of these deficits.
  • This chapter provides a framework for the neuroimaging of common, yet complex, causes of altered walking.