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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

Diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI.

Massimo Filippi¹, Federica Agosta¹

¹Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

|July 20, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced neuroimaging techniques like diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) enhance understanding of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. These methods offer detailed insights into brain structure, function, and pathology, aiding diagnosis and research.

Keywords:

apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI functional MRI (fMRI)functional connectivity tractography

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neurology
Radiology

Background:

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have advanced over 20 years.
These techniques are crucial for understanding brain structure and function in central nervous system (CNS) diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the contributions of DWI, DTI, and fMRI to understanding CNS diseases.
To highlight the current and potential future roles of these neuroimaging modalities in clinical practice.

Main Methods:

Review of advances in DWI, DTI, and fMRI techniques.
Discussion of applications in diagnosing and understanding various neurological conditions, including stroke, tumors, dementia, and multiple sclerosis.

Main Results:

DWI is vital for diagnosing stroke, CNS neoplasia, and dementia.
DTI provides detailed information on pathologies like tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, and multiple sclerosis.
fMRI offers insights into brain adaptation, plasticity, and the functional significance of pathological changes.

Conclusions:

Neuroimaging techniques significantly improve the understanding of CNS diseases.
While fMRI is not yet standard for diagnosis or monitoring, ongoing harmonization efforts may change its clinical role.
Continued development and standardization of these imaging methods promise to transform the clinical management of neurological disorders.