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Related Concept Videos

Organization of the Nervous System01:13

Organization of the Nervous System

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The nervous system is one of the most complex systems in our body. It is organized into two main divisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
The CNS, comprising the brain and spinal cord, houses billions of neurons. The brain is housed in the skull, while the spinal cord is linked to the brain through the foramen magnum of the occipital bone and is surrounded by the protective structure of the vertebral column. It is responsible for processing various...
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Spinal Cord01:26

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The Spinal Cord01:54

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The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
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Spinal Nerves: Anatomy01:23

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Spinal nerves are pivotal conduits in the nervous system, bridging the central nervous system (CNS) with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These nerves enable a complex communication network between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body, facilitating sensory input, motor output, and autonomic functions.
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Cranial and Spinal Meninges01:19

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The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
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Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy01:15

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The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
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Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice
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CNS and spinal tumors.

Andre D Furtado1, Ashok Panigrahy1, Charles R Fitz1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|July 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid cancers in children and have unique characteristics. This review focuses on the imaging of frequent central nervous system (CNS) tumors in pediatric patients.

Keywords:
CNSbrainchildreninfantsintracranialneonatesneoplasmpediatricspinetumor

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Central Nervous System (CNS) Neoplasms

Background:

  • Primary CNS tumors encompass diverse neoplasms arising from various CNS cell types.
  • Brain tumors represent the most common solid malignancy in children under 15.
  • Pediatric brain tumors exhibit distinct occurrence patterns and biologic behaviors influenced by sex, age, and race.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the imaging features of common CNS tumors in children.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of pediatric brain and spinal cord neoplasms.
  • To differentiate common pediatric brain tumors from those in older age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Review of imaging characteristics of pediatric CNS tumors.
  • Focus on common neoplasms affecting the pediatric central nervous system.
  • Analysis of distinct patterns based on demographics (sex, age, race).

Main Results:

  • The chapter details imaging findings for frequent pediatric CNS tumors.
  • Common brain neoplasms in children are distinct from adult populations.
  • Demographic factors significantly influence tumor occurrence and behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding imaging features is crucial for diagnosing pediatric CNS tumors.
  • Pediatric brain tumors present unique challenges and require specialized diagnostic approaches.
  • This review serves as a guide to the common imaging manifestations of CNS tumors in children.