Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Eccentric Loading01:16

Eccentric Loading

1.1K
Eccentric loading is a crucial concept in the study of structural engineering and mechanics, particularly when analyzing the stability and stress distribution in columns. Unlike centric loading, where the force is applied along the centroidal axis, causing uniform compression, eccentric loading occurs when a force is applied off-center. This off-center application introduces not only direct compressive stress but also bending stress, significantly influencing the column's behavior under...
1.1K
Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

2.9K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
2.9K
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

3.8K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
3.8K
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

59.3K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
59.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Continuous and discrete electromyographic analysis of trunk and hip extensor musculature during the Biering-Sørensen test in athletes with a history of hamstring strain injury.

Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology·2026
Same author

Peripheral Neuromuscular Fatigue Responses of the Knee Extensors to Distinct Concurrent Training Protocols: A Preliminary Study.

Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology·2026
Same author

Strength and Conditioning Society (SCS) 8th Annual Meeting, Oslo, Norway, 2025.

Sports (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Reduced physical activity during submarine deployment: health and performance consequences and feasible countermeasures-a narrative review.

Journal of occupational health·2026
Same author

What are the neurological, neurovascular, and psychological responses to stretching across the general population?

European journal of applied physiology·2026
Same author

Influence of Intended Slow and Fast Eccentric Back Squat Velocity on Subsequent Countermovement Jump Performance.

Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Quantifying Arms and Legs Contributions during Repetitive Electrically-Assisted Sit-To-Stand Exercise in Paraplegics: A Pilot Study
08:40

Quantifying Arms and Legs Contributions during Repetitive Electrically-Assisted Sit-To-Stand Exercise in Paraplegics: A Pilot Study

Published on: November 11, 2022

1.5K

Chain-loaded variable resistance warm-up improves free-weight maximal back squat performance.

Minas A Mina1, Anthony J Blazevich2, Giannis Giakas3

  • 1a Sport, Outdoor and Exercise Science , University of Derby , Buxton , UK.

European Journal of Sport Science
|July 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Chain-loaded variable resistance exercise warm-ups significantly enhance subsequent free-weight one-repetition maximum (1-RM) back squats. This method boosts strength performance without altering lifting mechanics, suggesting a potentiation effect for athletes.

Keywords:
1-RMPAPaccommodating resistancepreconditioningstrength training

More Related Videos

The Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill for Knee Osteoarthritis Rehabilitation
09:10

The Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill for Knee Osteoarthritis Rehabilitation

Published on: July 22, 2019

11.3K
Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
07:30

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Published on: May 1, 2018

16.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Quantifying Arms and Legs Contributions during Repetitive Electrically-Assisted Sit-To-Stand Exercise in Paraplegics: A Pilot Study
08:40

Quantifying Arms and Legs Contributions during Repetitive Electrically-Assisted Sit-To-Stand Exercise in Paraplegics: A Pilot Study

Published on: November 11, 2022

1.5K
The Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill for Knee Osteoarthritis Rehabilitation
09:10

The Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill for Knee Osteoarthritis Rehabilitation

Published on: July 22, 2019

11.3K
Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
07:30

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Published on: May 1, 2018

16.0K

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Variable resistance training, including chain-loaded resistance (CLR), is increasingly used to enhance athletic performance.
  • The acute effects of specific warm-up protocols on subsequent maximal strength testing require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the acute influence of a chain-loaded resistance (CLR) back squat warm-up on subsequent free-weight one-repetition maximum (1-RM) back squat performance.
  • To compare the effects of CLR versus free-weight resistance (FWR) warm-ups on maximal strength and associated biomechanical and electromyographical variables.

Main Methods:

  • 16 recreationally active men performed both CLR and FWR back squat warm-ups at 85% 1-RM on separate occasions.
  • Following a 5-minute rest, participants attempted a free-weight 1-RM back squat, with load increments until failure.
  • 3D knee kinematics and knee extensor/flexor electromyograms (EMG) were recorded during 1-RM trials.

Main Results:

  • Significantly greater 1-RM performance (6.2%) was observed after the CLR warm-up compared to FWR (p < .01).
  • Mean eccentric knee extensor EMG was also significantly higher following CLR warm-up (32.2%, p < .01).
  • No significant differences were found in concentric EMG, knee angular velocity, or peak knee flexion angle between conditions.

Conclusions:

  • A CLR warm-up acutely enhances subsequent free-weight 1-RM back squat performance.
  • This enhancement occurs without altering key biomechanical parameters like knee flexion or angular velocity, indicating a true increase in maximal strength.
  • The findings suggest a potentiating effect of CLR warm-ups, potentially benefiting athletes requiring high levels of strength.