Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

10.2K
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
10.2K
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

1.4K
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
1.4K
Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

351
Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
351
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview01:07

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview

7.7K
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
NMR spectroscopy generates a spectrum where the characteristic absorption frequencies of the sample are...
7.7K
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

889
Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
889
Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

4.7K
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
4.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Incorporating algorithmic uncertainty into a clinical machine deep learning algorithm for urgent head CTs.

PloS one·2023
Same author

Clinical and neuroradiologic characteristics in varicella zoster virus reactivation with central nervous system involvement.

Journal of the neurological sciences·2022
Same author

Auditory cues reveal intended movement information in middle frontal gyrus neuronal ensemble activity of a person with tetraplegia.

Scientific reports·2021
Same author

Case 32-2019: A 70-Year-Old Woman with Rapidly Progressive Ataxia.

The New England journal of medicine·2019
Same author

Resting-State Functional MR Imaging for Determining Language Laterality in Intractable Epilepsy.

Radiology·2016
Same author

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome with reversible renal artery stenosis.

Neurology·2015
Same journal

Preface.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same journal

Foreword.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same journal

Fundus autofluorescence imaging.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same journal

The electroretinogram as a means to study the physiology of the retina.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same journal

Adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same journal

Modeling the human retina in a dish: Advances and future directions.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease
09:30

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease

Published on: December 18, 2016

20.2K

Functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Bradley R Buchbinder1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|July 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) uses blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals to map brain activity. This technique is crucial for neuroscience research and presurgical planning, aiding in lesion resection while preserving neurological function.

Keywords:
BOLDDTIbrain activationbrain mappingfMRIfunctional connectivityneurovascular couplingpresurgical planningresting-state networkstractography

More Related Videos

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain
10:06

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain

Published on: May 10, 2012

13.5K
Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at 7 T in the Rat Barrel Cortex During Whisker Activation
09:26

Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at 7 T in the Rat Barrel Cortex During Whisker Activation

Published on: February 8, 2019

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease
09:30

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease

Published on: December 18, 2016

20.2K
High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain
10:06

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain

Published on: May 10, 2012

13.5K
Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at 7 T in the Rat Barrel Cortex During Whisker Activation
09:26

Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at 7 T in the Rat Barrel Cortex During Whisker Activation

Published on: February 8, 2019

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Blood oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been a cornerstone of neuroscience research since 1991.
  • It is widely used for mapping brain function in both basic research and clinical settings, particularly for presurgical planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental principles of BOLD fMRI, including its physiological and methodological underpinnings.
  • To illustrate the clinical applications of task-based fMRI for presurgical mapping of motor, language, and memory functions.
  • To introduce resting-state fMRI and its emerging clinical uses in understanding intrinsic brain networks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of physiologic, biophysical, and methodologic principles of BOLD fMRI.
  • Illustration of task-based fMRI for presurgical mapping in patients with brain lesions.
  • Integration of BOLD fMRI with diffusion tensor white-matter tractography for surgical planning.
  • Overview of resting-state fMRI principles and applications.

Main Results:

  • BOLD fMRI provides insights into neural activity and is essential for presurgical functional brain mapping.
  • Task-based fMRI, combined with tractography, enhances surgical planning to minimize neurological deficits.
  • Resting-state fMRI offers a new paradigm for studying functional connectivity in intrinsic brain networks.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding BOLD fMRI principles is key for accurate interpretation and application.
  • fMRI is an indispensable tool for presurgical planning, improving patient outcomes.
  • Resting-state fMRI holds significant promise for future clinical applications in neuroscience.