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Malignant ascites of unknown origin.

Q S Ringenberg1, D C Doll, T S Loy

  • 1Medical Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri.

Cancer
|August 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Malignant ascites has a poor prognosis, with a median survival of 7.5 days. Aggressive treatment is not recommended for unknown primary origins, though ovarian cancer should be considered in women.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Malignant ascites, characterized by malignant peritoneal effusions, presents a significant clinical challenge.
  • Understanding the clinical features and prognostic indicators is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the clinical characteristics of patients with malignant ascites.
  • To evaluate methods for assessing outcomes in patients diagnosed with malignant ascites.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of malignant peritoneal effusion cases diagnosed between 1978 and 1987 was performed.
  • Data from University Hospital and Veterans Administration Hospital patients were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Of 65 patients, 51 had a known primary cancer site (ovarian, endometrial, cervical in women; colon, rectal, stomach in men).
  • Median survival was 7.5 days; chest radiograph and CT scans often failed to identify occult primaries.
  • Occult primaries were rarely detected during life or at autopsy.

Conclusions:

  • Malignant ascites generally carries a poor prognosis, with limited diagnostic yield from imaging for unknown primaries.
  • An aggressive diagnostic or therapeutic approach for malignant ascites of unknown origin is generally not advised.
  • Ovarian cancer should be considered in women presenting with malignant ascites of unknown origin.

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