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Neuromuscular Changes and Damage after Isoload versus Isokinetic Eccentric Exercise.

Valentin Doguet1, Kazunori Nosaka, Mathieu Plautard

  • 11Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (EA 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, FRANCE; 2Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, AUSTRALIA; 3Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Nantes University Hospital, Saint-Jacques Hospital, Nantes, FRANCE; and 4French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), Paris, FRANCE.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
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Summary

Isoload (IL) and isokinetic (IK) eccentric exercises induced similar muscle damage and neuromuscular changes in young men. Resistance training modality minimally impacts acute muscle responses, indicating comparable effects on muscle recovery and function.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Science
  • Muscle Physiology

Background:

  • Eccentric muscle contractions are crucial for muscle hypertrophy and injury.
  • Understanding the impact of different resistance training modalities on muscle damage and neuromuscular function is essential for optimizing training programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of isoload (IL) and isokinetic (IK) knee extensor eccentric exercises on muscle damage and neuromuscular parameters.
  • To test the hypothesis that IL and IK exercises would elicit different changes in muscle damage and neuromuscular function.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-two young men were divided into isoload (IL) and isokinetic (IK) groups (N=11 each).
  • The IL group performed 15 sets of 10 eccentric contractions at 150% of their one-repetition maximum.
  • The IK group performed matched sets for work and velocity, measuring muscle damage markers and neuromuscular variables pre- and post-exercise.

Main Results:

  • Both IL and IK exercises resulted in similar reductions in voluntary isometric peak torque up to 96 hours post-exercise.
  • No significant differences were observed between groups in muscle soreness or creatine kinase activity.
  • H-reflex and M-wave decreased similarly in both groups immediately after exercise.

Conclusions:

  • Isoload and isokinetic eccentric exercises induce comparable changes in muscle damage and neuromuscular function.
  • The resistance modality appears to have minimal effect on acute muscle responses following eccentric exercise.
  • These findings suggest that both IL and IK eccentric training can be used to elicit similar muscle adaptations.