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[Progress in circulating microRNAs as biomarkers of sepsis]
Haihuan Lin1, Zexun Mo, Heyi Su
1Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong, China (Lin HH); Department of Geriatric Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatric Infection and Organ Function Support, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Geriatric Infection and Organ Function Support, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong, China (Lin HH, Mo ZX, Su HY, Guo ZH). Corresponding author: Guo Zhenhui,
Objective:
Sepsis is as life-threatening organ failure caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, with urgent onset, complex mechanism and high mortality. Its early diagnosis and treatment is particularly important. However, the sensitivity and specificity of current laboratory markers for the diagnosis of sepsis is not ideal. MicroRNAs represent a novel group of small RNA molecules that do not encode for proteins. MicroRNAs are synthesized in the cytoplasm and transferred to circulation primarily by micro-vesicles, and they are stable in circulation and can be rapidly detected. The researches regarding circulating miRNA as biomarkers of sepsis were collected to analyze the characteristics of differential expression of miRNAs including miR-150, miR-133a, miR-122, miR-223, miR-4772, miR-297 and miR-574-5p etc. in the pathogenesis of sepsis, which suggest that they can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis.
Insights
Early detection of sepsis, a life-threatening condition, is crucial. Circulating microRNAs show promise as sensitive biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting sepsis outcomes, overcoming limitations of current methods.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Sepsis is a life-threatening organ failure due to a dysregulated host response to infection, characterized by rapid onset, complex mechanisms, and high mortality.
- Effective early diagnosis and treatment are critical for improving patient outcomes.
- Current laboratory markers for sepsis diagnosis lack optimal sensitivity and specificity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and analyze research on circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers for sepsis.
- To investigate the differential expression of specific miRNAs in sepsis pathogenesis.
- To evaluate the utility of circulating miRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and analysis of existing research on circulating miRNAs in sepsis.
- Identification and characterization of differentially expressed miRNAs, including miR-150, miR-133a, miR-122, miR-223, miR-4772, miR-297, and miR-574-5p.
- Assessment of miRNA stability and detectability in circulation.
Main Results:
- Circulating microRNAs are stable in circulation and rapidly detectable, originating from cytoplasmic synthesis and micro-vesicle transfer.
- Specific miRNAs, such as miR-150, miR-133a, miR-122, miR-223, miR-4772, miR-297, and miR-574-5p, exhibit differential expression patterns in sepsis.
- These findings suggest miRNAs can serve as valuable diagnostic and prognostic indicators.
Conclusions:
- Circulating microRNAs represent a novel class of biomarkers with potential for improving sepsis diagnosis.
- Differential expression of specific miRNAs in sepsis pathogenesis indicates their role in the disease process.
- Further research into circulating miRNAs could lead to more accurate and timely sepsis management strategies.
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