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Human Babesiosis, Bolivia, 2013
Emerging Infectious Diseases
|July 20, 2016
Summary
Human babesiosis is prevalent in the Bolivian Chaco, with 3.3% testing positive for Babesia microti parasites. High seroprevalence (45.7%) suggests widespread exposure, necessitating transfusion screening.
Area of Science:
- Medical Entomology
- Infectious Diseases
- Parasitology
Background:
- Human babesiosis is a tick-borne illness caused by Babesia parasites.
- The Bolivian Chaco is an understudied region for parasitic diseases.
- Babesia microti is a significant zoonotic pathogen.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and seroprevalence of human babesiosis in the Bolivian Chaco.
- To identify the circulating lineage of Babesia microti.
- To assess the risk of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis.
Main Methods:
- Blood samples were collected from 271 healthy individuals in two rural communities.
- Microscopy and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were used for parasite detection.
- Serological assays were performed to determine antibody prevalence.
Main Results:
- 3.3% of participants tested positive for Babesia microti parasites (US lineage) via microscopy and PCR.
- Seroprevalence of Babesia microti antibodies was 45.7%.
- The findings indicate a high level of exposure to Babesia microti in the study population.
Conclusions:
- Human babesiosis is endemic in the Bolivian Chaco.
- The high seroprevalence highlights the need for awareness and diagnostic capabilities.
- Implementing blood screening protocols can prevent transfusion-associated babesiosis.
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