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Eustachian tube evaluation in aviators.

Giannicola Iannella1, Marco Lucertini2, Benedetta Pasquariello1

  • 1'Organi di Senso' Department, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 151, 00161, Rome, Italy.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|July 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study assessed Eustachian tube function in pilots using a hypobaric chamber. Findings indicate that Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) can be subclinically present, increasing risks of ear fullness and barotitis in aviators.

Keywords:
AviationEustachian tube dysfunctionEustachian tube evaluationEustachian tube scoreTubomanometry

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Aerospace Medicine

Background:

  • Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) can affect aviators, potentially leading to ear discomfort and barotrauma.
  • Subclinical ETD may pose risks in aviation environments due to pressure variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate Eustachian tube functionality in aviators before and after simulated flight conditions.
  • To identify subclinical ETD and assess its association with ear fullness or barotitis.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 42 Italian Air Force pilots.
  • Evaluated Eustachian tube function using Tubomanometry, subjective assessments, tympanometry, and objective Valsalva maneuvers.
  • Calculated the Eustachian Tube Score (ETS-7) before and after hypobaric chamber exposure.

Main Results:

  • Before exposure, 92.8% of pilots had normal bilateral ETS-7 scores.
  • After hypobaric exposure, 19% of pilots showed ETS-7 scores indicative of ETD.
  • Three pilots experienced symptoms: two with persistent fullness, one with barotitis.

Conclusions:

  • Combined use of Tubomanometry and ETS-7 is reliable for assessing Eustachian tube function in aviators.
  • This method can identify the stressful effects of flight on the Eustachian tube.
  • It aids in excluding aviators at increased risk for ear pain, fullness, or barotrauma.