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Anorexia Nervosa01:28

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Hematological complications in anorexia nervosa.

E De Filippo1, M Marra1, F Alfinito1

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery 'Federico II' University, Naples, Italy.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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Hematologic abnormalities like anemia and neutropenia are common in anorexia nervosa (AN) due to chronic malnutrition. The severity of these blood disorders correlates with the duration and degree of malnutrition in AN patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Anorexia nervosa (AN) can lead to hematological complications secondary to chronic malnutrition.
  • Anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia are observed in AN patients.
  • Understanding the prevalence of these disorders is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hematological disorders in a large cohort of female patients with AN.
  • To investigate the relationship between these hematological abnormalities and the degree and duration of malnutrition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 318 female AN patients.
  • Data collection included medical history, clinical examination, hematobiochemical tests, and bioelectrical impedance analysis (phase angle).
  • Exclusion of patients with comorbidities or suspected genetic alterations affecting hemoglobin synthesis.

Main Results:

  • 16.7% of patients presented with anemia, 7.9% with neutropenia, and 8.9% with thrombocytopenia.
  • Hematological abnormalities were significantly correlated with the duration of illness (P=0.028).
  • Malnutrition indicators, including Body Mass Index (BMI) and phase angle, showed a strong association (P<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • The study describes the incidence of hematological defects in a substantial sample of female AN patients.
  • The findings suggest a direct relationship between the incidence of these defects and the extent and duration of protein-energy malnutrition.
  • These hematological findings underscore the systemic impact of malnutrition in anorexia nervosa.