Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus
10:49

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus

Published on: January 28, 2019

9.5K

Diarrheal Diseases Hospitalization in Yemen before and after Rotavirus Vaccination

Mohammed Amood Al-Kamarany1, Lina Al-Areqi2, Abulatif Mujally2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy and Tropical Medicine Center, Hodeidah University, P.O. Box 3114, Hodeidah, Yemen; Program of Health and Drug, Tihama Foundation for Drug Studies and Research, Hodeidah, Yemen.

Scientifica
|July 21, 2016
PubMed

Insights

The introduction of the rotavirus vaccine in Yemen significantly reduced childhood diarrheal disease hospitalizations by 75.93%. Rotavirus vaccination is crucial for public health in Yemen.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Vaccinology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrheal disease in young children globally.
  • Yemen introduced the Rotarix™ rotavirus vaccine in 2012, with a two-dose schedule for infants.
  • Understanding the vaccine's impact on hospitalization and circulating strains is vital for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of rotavirus vaccine introduction on diarrheal disease hospitalization rates in children under five.
  • To identify changes in prevalent rotavirus genotypes before and after vaccine implementation in Yemen.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal observational study was conducted at the Yemeni-Swedish Hospital in Taiz, Yemen.
  • Fecal samples were collected and analyzed using Enzyme Linkage Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for rotavirus detection.
  • Data from the prevaccination period (Jan 2009-Jul 2012) and postvaccination period (Jan 2013-Dec 2014) were compared.

Main Results:

  • Rotavirus hospitalization incidence decreased from 43.79% in 2009 to 10.54% in 2014, a reduction of 75.93%.
  • Vaccine coverage rose from 23% in 2012 to 72% in 2014.
  • Predominant genotypes shifted from G2P[4] (55.0%) pre-vaccination to G1P[8] (31%) post-vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus vaccination in Yemen has led to a substantial decrease in diarrheal hospitalizations among young children.
  • Sustained vaccine efficacy against evolving rotavirus strains and efficient delivery systems are key for future success.
  • The findings underscore the importance of rotavirus vaccination programs in reducing childhood morbidity and mortality.

More Related Videos

Quantifying Vibrio cholerae Colonization and Diarrhea in the Adult Zebrafish Model08:03

Quantifying Vibrio cholerae Colonization and Diarrhea in the Adult Zebrafish Model

Published on: July 12, 2018

9.0K
A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.06:55

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

Published on: November 7, 2018

9.5K

Related Concept Videos

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents01:18

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents

Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...
523
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
53.3K
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
5.0K
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
849
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
721
Pathophysiology of Vomiting01:22

Pathophysiology of Vomiting

Vomiting is a complex physiological response to expel harmful or irritating substances from the body. It's a defensive mechanism triggered by stimuli like poisons, microbial toxins, cytotoxic drugs, and mechanical abdominal distension. The process is centrally coordinated by the vomiting (or emetic) center located in the medulla of the brainstem. This area, rich in muscarinic M1, histamine H1, neurokinin 1 (NK1), and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, coordinates the act of vomiting through...
3.7K