Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

3.4K
Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating...
3.4K
Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

4.1K
The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
4.1K
Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

6.8K
Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
6.8K
Disorders of the Urinary System01:20

Disorders of the Urinary System

1.5K
The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
1.5K
Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

3.1K
Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
3.1K
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

2.4K
The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Trends, predictions, and etiological characteristics of the incidence and mortality of lower respiratory infections among children under 14 years in China from 1990 to 2021].

Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics·2026
Same author

[Chemical constituents from stem bark of Aquilaria yunnanensis and their anti-inflammatory activities].

Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica·2026
Same author

Widespread Molecular Imprints in the Serum Proteome of COVID-19 Convalescents Uncovering Immune System Sequelae.

Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP·2026
Same author

A lightweight cerebrospinal fluid biomarker-based model for first-diagnosis prediction of Parkinson's disease: model development, external validation, and local deployment.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience·2026
Same author

A novel tetranortirucallane-type alkaloid with potential anti-inflammatory activity from <i>Aglaia lawii</i>.

Natural product research·2025
Same author

OpenSpec Enables Detecting Unexpected Modifications from Proteomics Data Generated by Orbitrap Astral Mass Spectrometer.

Analytical chemistry·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
03:26

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

2.4K

Progressive changes in detrusor function and micturition patterns with chronic bladder ischemia.

Zuohui Zhao1, Roya Azad1, Jing-Hua Yang1

  • 1Department of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Investigative and Clinical Urology
|July 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Chronic bladder ischemia in rats can progress from overactive bladder to underactive bladder symptoms. This change is linked to altered muscarinic receptor expression and nerve damage over time.

Keywords:
ContractionIschemiaUrinary bladderUrination

More Related Videos

A Decentralized Ex Vivo Murine Bladder Model with the Detrusor Muscle Removed for Direct Access to the Suburothelium during Bladder Filling
06:36

A Decentralized Ex Vivo Murine Bladder Model with the Detrusor Muscle Removed for Direct Access to the Suburothelium during Bladder Filling

Published on: November 28, 2019

7.7K
Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents
07:42

Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents

Published on: April 25, 2017

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
03:26

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

2.4K
A Decentralized Ex Vivo Murine Bladder Model with the Detrusor Muscle Removed for Direct Access to the Suburothelium during Bladder Filling
06:36

A Decentralized Ex Vivo Murine Bladder Model with the Detrusor Muscle Removed for Direct Access to the Suburothelium during Bladder Filling

Published on: November 28, 2019

7.7K
Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents
07:42

Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents

Published on: April 25, 2017

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common with aging.
  • Mechanisms of detrusor overactivity and underactivity in LUTS are not fully understood.
  • Chronic bladder ischemia is a potential contributing factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate detrusor function and voiding patterns in chronic bladder ischemia.
  • To correlate functional changes with muscarinic receptor expression and neural integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Rats underwent iliac artery atherosclerosis to induce bladder ischemia.
  • Micturition patterns and cystometrograms were assessed at 8 and 16 weeks.
  • Bladder blood flow, contractions, receptor expression, and neural ultrastructure were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Ischemia duration influenced bladder response.
  • Early ischemia (8 weeks) suggested detrusor overactivity.
  • Later ischemia (16 weeks) indicated detrusor underactivity with altered M1/M3 receptors and neurodegeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged bladder ischemia may drive progression from overactive to underactive bladder dysfunction.
  • Mechanisms involve differential muscarinic receptor expression (M1, M2, M3) and nerve damage.