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Related Concept Videos

Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes01:28

Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes

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A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
Tracheostomy tubes can be made of semiflexible plastic (polyurethane or silicone), rigid plastic, or metal, and they come in...
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Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps01:16

Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps

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A tracheostomy is a surgical technique that involves making an incision in the neck to provide access to the trachea. It is frequently used in medical conditions such as airway obstruction and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Effective nursing management is crucial for the long-term success of a tracheostomy.
Required Equipment
The equipment necessary for tracheostomy care includes:
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques01:30

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques

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Airway management is essential in emergency and surgical medicine, ensuring ventilation and oxygenation in patients who cannot maintain their own airway. Clinicians use a range of techniques and devices to secure the airway, depending on the patient’s condition and the clinical context. Key methods include endotracheal intubation, rapid sequence intubation (RSI), supraglottic airway devices, and advanced visualization aids. In cases where these approaches fail, surgical airway...
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Tracheostomy Decannulation01:21

Tracheostomy Decannulation

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Tracheostomy decannulation is a significant milestone in the liberation of mechanically ventilated patients. Despite its importance, there is no universally accepted protocol for this procedure. This demands an evidence-based, individualized approach.
Description of the Procedure
Decannulation refers to the permanent removal of the tracheostomy tube, signaling the resolution of the condition that initially necessitated the tracheostomy. The process requires a well-coordinated interplay between...
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Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure01:25

Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure

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Tracheostomy care is an essential nursing skill that involves cleaning and maintaining a tracheostomy tube to prevent infection and other complications. Here's a step-by-step guide explaining each procedure with its rationale. Note that disposable gloves are to be worn at all times and changed as often as needed to maintain a sterile work environment, and to protect both patient and healthcare worker.
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene, and put on personal protective equipment: gown, gloves, mask...
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Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece

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Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Manufacture of a Multi-Purpose Low-Cost Animal Bench-Model for Teaching Tracheostomy
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Manufacture of a Multi-Purpose Low-Cost Animal Bench-Model for Teaching Tracheostomy

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Percutaneous techniques versus surgical techniques for tracheostomy.

Patrick Brass1, Martin Hellmich, Angelika Ladra

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Pain Therapy, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Lutherplatz 40, Krefeld, Germany, 47805.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|July 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Percutaneous tracheostomies (PTs) reduce wound infection and scarring compared to surgical tracheostomies (STs). Evidence for PTs regarding mortality and serious adverse events is limited but suggests potential benefits.

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Surgical Procedures
  • Respiratory Therapy

Background:

  • Tracheostomy is a common procedure for critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
  • Both surgical tracheostomies (STs) and percutaneous tracheostomies (PTs) are utilized, but optimal method remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous techniques versus surgical techniques for elective tracheostomy in critically ill patients.
  • To assess differences in complication rates, and evaluate effects across participant groups, settings, operator experience, and technique variations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of electronic databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL) up to May 2015.
  • Inclusion of randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing PTs (experimental) with STs (control) in critically ill adults and children.
  • Independent data extraction and analysis by three authors using standardized forms and Review Manager 5.

Main Results:

  • Twenty trials (1652 participants) were included; most trials had low or unclear risk of bias, with limited evidence quality.
  • No significant difference in mortality or serious intraoperative/postoperative adverse events between PTs and STs.
  • PTs significantly reduced wound infection/stomatitis (moderate evidence) and unfavorable scarring (low evidence) compared to STs.

Conclusions:

  • Percutaneous tracheostomies (PTs) are associated with significantly lower rates of wound infection and unfavorable scarring compared to surgical tracheostomies (STs).
  • Low-quality evidence suggests PTs may have non-significant positive effects on mortality and serious adverse events.
  • Study limitations include participant exclusion, limited sample size, lack of long-term outcome data, restricting generalizability to all critically ill adults.