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Sickle Cell Trait.

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    Athletes with sickle cell trait can develop exertional rhabdomyolysis, a condition causing severe muscle breakdown, especially in hot weather. Preventive hydration and training modifications are crucial for these athletes to avoid this serious condition.

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    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Genetics
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Sickle cell trait (SCT) is a common inherited blood disorder.
    • Exertional rhabdomyolysis is a serious condition characterized by rapid muscle breakdown.
    • Athletes with SCT may be at increased risk for exertional rhabdomyolysis under certain conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report a case of exertional rhabdomyolysis in a college athlete with sickle cell trait.
    • To highlight the potential risks and preventive measures for athletes with sickle cell trait.

    Main Methods:

    • Case report of a 20-year-old male college athlete with sickle cell trait.
    • Clinical presentation, laboratory findings (creatine kinase, myoglobin), and treatment interventions were documented.
    • Follow-up assessment of patient's recovery and return to activity.

    Main Results:

    • The athlete experienced severe muscle pain (calf, thigh, lower back) after intense exercise in hot, humid conditions.
    • Diagnosis of exertional rhabdomyolysis confirmed by extremely elevated creatine kinase (>23,000 U/L) and high urine myoglobin.
    • Patient recovered fully with hospitalization, aggressive rehydration, and modified training.

    Conclusions:

    • Exertional rhabdomyolysis is a significant risk for athletes with sickle cell trait, particularly during strenuous activity in adverse environmental conditions.
    • Prompt medical attention, including aggressive rehydration, is essential for managing exertional rhabdomyolysis.
    • Athletes with sickle cell trait must implement preventive strategies, such as adequate hydration and adjusted training regimens, to mitigate the risk of exertional rhabdomyolysis.