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Image artefacts in swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.

Khalil Ghasemi Falavarjani1,2, Mayss Al-Sheikh1, Handan Akil1

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Image artefacts are common in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scans, particularly in patients with eye conditions. These artefacts can impact diagnostic accuracy, necessitating careful review of OCTA images.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Retinal Imaging

Background:

  • Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a key imaging modality in ophthalmology.
  • Understanding OCTA image artefacts is crucial for accurate interpretation.
  • Artefacts can affect the assessment of various retinal and choroidal pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically describe and quantify image artefacts in OCTA scans.
  • To compare the frequency of artefacts in eyes with and without ocular pathologies.
  • To evaluate the impact of artefacts on clinical grading.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of OCTA images from healthy subjects and patients with macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal vascular occlusions.
  • Images acquired using a swept-source OCTA instrument.
  • Assessment of various artefact types and their impact on grading parameters like foveal avascular zone, non-perfusion, and choroidal neovascularisation.

Main Results:

  • Artefacts were present in 89.4% of evaluated eyes.
  • Banding (89.4%), segmentation (61.4%), and motion (49.1%) artefacts were most frequent.
  • Artefacts were significantly more common in eyes with ocular pathology (p<0.001).
  • Segmentation errors were higher in eyes with choroidal disease compared to retinal disease (p=0.02).
  • Artefacts precluded accurate grading in 17.6% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Image artefacts are highly prevalent in OCTA scans.
  • The presence and severity of artefacts are increased in eyes with ocular pathologies.
  • Awareness and identification of these artefacts are essential for reliable OCTA interpretation.