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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

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A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
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Neonatal sigmoid volvulus.

Harbi Khalayleh1, Benjamin Z Koplewitz2, Vadim Kapuller3

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|July 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal sigmoid volvulus, a rare condition often linked to Hirschsprung's disease, requires high suspicion for diagnosis. Contrast enema is effective for initial detorsion, with rectal biopsy guiding further management.

Keywords:
Contrast enemaHirschsprung's diseaseNeonateSigmoid volvulus

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Neonatal Medicine

Background:

  • Neonatal sigmoid volvulus is a rare but serious condition.
  • It is frequently associated with Hirschsprung's disease.
  • Clinical presentation includes acute abdominal distention, vomiting, and obstipation, often missed on radiography.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis and management of neonatal sigmoid volvulus.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of contrast enema and rectal biopsy in diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 6 infants treated for sigmoid volvulus over 6 years.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methods (radiography, contrast enema, rectal biopsy) and treatment outcomes.
  • Correlation of Hirschsprung's disease diagnosis with treatment response.

Main Results:

  • Six infants were treated; 4 presented within 48 hours of birth.
  • Five infants underwent successful primary contrast enema detorsion; one required surgery.
  • Three infants were diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease; those with normal biopsies responded well to rectal washouts.

Conclusions:

  • High index of suspicion is crucial for diagnosing neonatal sigmoid volvulus.
  • Contrast enema is an effective primary treatment for detorsion.
  • Rectal biopsy is essential; early surgical intervention is recommended for Hirschsprung's disease.