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Screening instruments for predicting return to work in long-term sickness absence.

A-M H Momsen1, C M Stapelfeldt1, C V Nielsen2

  • 1DEFACTUM, Social & Health Services and Labour Market, Central Denmark Region, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.

Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England)
|July 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Self-rated health (SRH) effectively predicts return to work (RTW) in individuals with sickness absence (SA). This single-item measure is a more efficient alternative to longer questionnaires like the Symptom Check List of somatic distress (SCL-SOM) or Bodily Distress Syndrome Questionnaire (BDSQ).

Keywords:
Distressdiscriminative abilityintegrated carerehabilitationreturn to workscreening questionnairessickness managementsomatization.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Psychosomatic Medicine
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Multiple somatic symptoms frequently lead to prolonged sickness absence (SA) and challenges with return to work (RTW).
  • Assessing factors influencing RTW is crucial for effective intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the predictive and discriminative abilities of three instruments for RTW.
  • To identify the most efficient tool for estimating RTW prognosis in individuals on SA.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal cohort study involving 305 participants with at least 8 weeks of SA.
  • Compared the Symptom Check List of somatic distress (SCL-SOM), Bodily Distress Syndrome Questionnaire (BDSQ), and self-rated health (SRH) for RTW prediction.
  • Utilized time-to-event analysis and examined various cut-points to optimize classification accuracy.

Main Results:

  • All three instruments demonstrated predictive value for RTW.
  • Self-rated health (SRH) remained the sole significant predictor after mutual adjustment for SCL-SOM and BDSQ.
  • SRH achieved 86% sensitivity at a cut-point of ≤5, with 62% correctly classified RTW cases.

Conclusions:

  • Self-rated health (SRH) is a significant and efficient predictor of RTW among individuals experiencing sickness absence.
  • SRH offers a practical alternative to more extensive questionnaires for assessing RTW potential.
  • Findings support the use of SRH in clinical and occupational health settings to guide RTW interventions.