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Effectiveness of the Air Stripping in Two Salmonid Fish, Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss and Brown Trout Salmo Trutta Morpha fario
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Refuging rainbow trout selectively exploit flows behind tandem cylinders.

William J Stewart1, Fang-Bao Tian2, Otar Akanyeti1

  • 1Department of Biology, Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St Augustine, FL 32080, USA.

The Journal of Experimental Biology
|July 23, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rainbow trout use Kármán gaiting to save energy in currents. They Kármán gait more often behind closely spaced cylinders, which create stronger vortices, aiding fish refuge.

Keywords:
CFDDPIVFlow visualizationKármán gaitOncorhynchus mykissSwimmingTurbulenceVortex street

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Animal behavior
  • Ichthyology

Background:

  • Fishes may use environmental vortices to reduce locomotion costs.
  • The Kármán gait is a behavior where fish use vortices shed by objects for energy conservation.
  • Complex flow fields from multiple objects' effects on fish refuging are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how flow fields from tandem D-shaped cylinders affect rainbow trout Kármán gaiting.
  • Determine the impact of cylinder spacing on vortex shedding and fish behavior.
  • Relate hydrodynamic changes to fish refuge strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Altered spacing (l/D from 0.7 to 2.7) of two tandem D-shaped cylinders.
  • Recorded rainbow trout swimming kinematics using high-speed video (Re=10,000-55,000).
  • Utilized digital particle image velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics simulations.

Main Results:

  • Increasing l/D decreased vortex street strength by 53% and shedding frequency by ~20%.
  • Trout Kármán gaited more frequently (over twice as often) behind closely spaced cylinders (l/D=0.7, 1.1, 1.5).
  • Widely spaced cylinders produced weaker, less organized vortices, discouraging Kármán gaiting.

Conclusions:

  • Rainbow trout can Kármán gait behind tandem cylinders regardless of spacing.
  • Close cylinder spacing enhances Kármán gaiting frequency due to stronger, more organized vortices.
  • Findings help predict fish refuge in natural habitats based on object arrangement.