Coexistent Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia with Extrapulmonary Sequestration.

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Surgery
• Thoracic Imaging
• Congenital Abnormalities

Background:

• Bronchopulmonary foregut malformations (BPFMs) encompass a spectrum of interrelated congenital abnormalities with diverse histologic features.
• Accurate diagnosis is crucial as clinical presentations are often nonspecific, necessitating reliance on imaging modalities.
• Familiarity with imaging findings aids in identifying BPFMs presenting as congenital masses.

Observation:

• This report details a rare case of coexisting extralobar pulmonary sequestration and ipsilateral diaphragmatic hernia.
• The condition was identified in a term neonate, presenting a diagnostic challenge due to the combined anomalies.
• Imaging played a pivotal role in delineating the extent and nature of both lesions.

Findings:

• The study identified a simultaneous occurrence of two distinct congenital thoracic anomalies: extralobar pulmonary sequestration and diaphragmatic hernia.
• Imaging confirmed the presence and anatomical relationship of these coexisting lesions.
• The neonate presented with a complex congenital mass-like lesion requiring careful evaluation.

Implications:

• Early and accurate diagnosis through advanced imaging is essential for effective management of BPFMs.
• Recognizing associated lesions like pulmonary sequestration and diaphragmatic hernia prevents potential complications.
• This case underscores the importance of comprehensive imaging assessment for complex congenital thoracic malformations.