Single-Dose Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis Mouse Model
Osama Muhammad Maria1, Alasdair Syme2, Nicoletta Eliopoulos3
1Experimental Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Radiation Oncology Department, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Researchers developed a self-resolving mouse model for radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) to study treatment options. This model, using a single radiation dose, offers a reliable platform for RIOM management research.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Sciences
- Oncology
- Radiation Research
Background:
- Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is a debilitating side effect of radiotherapy.
- Effective management strategies for RIOM are crucial for improving patient quality of life during cancer treatment.
- Existing animal models may not fully replicate the self-resolving nature of RIOM observed in some patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a reproducible and self-resolving mouse model of radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM).
- To determine the optimal single ionizing radiation (RT) dose for generating a reliable RIOM model in BALB/c mice.
- To provide a suitable platform for evaluating potential RIOM management solutions.
Main Methods:
- BALB/c mice were irradiated with single doses of 10, 15, 18, 20, and 25 Gy using an orthovoltage X-ray irradiator.
- RIOM ulceration was induced at the intermolar eminence of the tongue.
- Ulcer size, epithelial height, and survival rates were monitored post-irradiation, with hydration support provided.
Main Results:
- RIOM ulceration and size were directly dependent on the radiation dose, with significant effects observed at 18 Gy and above.
- A single dose of 18 Gy resulted in a self-resolved RIOM with 100% survival when combined with supportive hydration.
- The 18 Gy dose produced a RIOM ulcer with a duration of 5.6 ± 0.3 days, suitable for research.
Conclusions:
- A 100% survival, self-resolving single-dose radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) mouse model was successfully generated.
- This model provides a valuable tool for investigating RIOM management strategies.
- Radiation dose and adequate hydration are critical factors influencing RIOM severity and survival in this model.
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