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Unusual ocular presentations of ocular phaeohyphomycosis

A Maudgil1, Z Johnson2, N Rogers1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.

Eye (London, England)
|July 23, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Ocular phaeohyphomycosis, caused by melanin-containing fungi, presents rare but diverse eye infections. These cases highlight unusual clinical features and mimicry of melanocytic lesions.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Phaeohyphomycosis is a rare ocular infection caused by melanin-producing fungi.
  • Melanin-containing fungi can present with varied and unusual clinical manifestations in the eye.

Observation:

  • Three distinct cases of ocular phaeohyphomycosis are presented.
  • Case 1: Conjunctival retention cyst with pigmented fungal hyphae, mimicking an inflamed conjunctival nevus.
  • Case 2: Pigmented fungal hyphae associated with a wooden foreign body, treated with topical antifungals.
  • Case 3: Extensive corneal plaque of pigmented fungal hyphae, resembling a perforated uveal melanoma.

Findings:

  • Ocular phaeohyphomycosis can mimic melanocytic lesions, leading to diagnostic challenges.
  • Fungal elements were identified histopathologically in all three cases.
  • Management varied from surgical excision to topical antifungal therapy.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness of phaeohyphomycosis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment of ocular fungal infections.
  • Histopathological examination is essential for definitive diagnosis.
  • Prompt and appropriate management can prevent vision-threatening complications.

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