Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Obedience01:08

Obedience

35.7K
According to obedience research, we may harm others under the forceful pressures of an authority figure (Milgram, 1974). How about if the inappropriate orders were delivered with less force? The increasing interdependence between nurses and physicians compelled Hofling and his colleagues to explore nurses’ reactions to a potentially harmful medical request made by the perceived authority figure, the doctor (Hofling, Brotzman, Dalrymple, Graves, & Pierce, 1966). In this situation,...
35.7K
Preparedness and Phobias01:09

Preparedness and Phobias

425
Human fear responses to certain stimuli, such as darkness, heights, deep water, and blood, can often arise despite the absence of direct negative experiences. This phenomenon is rooted in evolutionary psychology, which posits that humans have developed a predisposition to fear stimuli that historically posed significant survival threats. This predisposition, known as preparedness, suggests that early humans who developed a fear of potentially dangerous entities, such as venomous snakes and...
425
Fixed Action Patterns01:06

Fixed Action Patterns

18.0K
A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
18.0K
Bone Markings01:26

Bone Markings

8.7K
Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
8.7K
Nightmares and Night Terrors01:18

Nightmares and Night Terrors

722
Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares...
722
The Fossil Record02:56

The Fossil Record

28.2K
The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
28.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Exercise After Angioplasty: How Much? How Soon?

The Physician and sportsmedicine·2016
Same author

How I Manage Tennis and Golfer's Elbow.

The Physician and sportsmedicine·2010
Same author

Home Exercises for Tennis and Golfer's Elbow.

The Physician and sportsmedicine·2010
Same author

Exercise and "the pill": putting a rumor to rest.

The Physician and sportsmedicine·1991
Same author

Tricyclic antidepressant overdose: conservative management in a community hospital with cost-saving implications.

The Journal of emergency medicine·1990

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
07:59

Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: October 13, 2019

8.1K

Fearsome Fido.

P H Schelkun

    The Physician and Sportsmedicine
    |July 23, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Outdoor exercisers like runners and cyclists can encounter dogs. How you react to a dog determines your safety and whether you need emergency medical care.

    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Animal Behavior
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Athletes exercising outdoors, including runners and cyclists, are at risk of negative encounters with dogs.
    • These interactions range from playful to aggressive, posing potential safety hazards.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the risks associated with dog-exerciser interactions.
    • To determine how exerciser reactions influence outcomes during encounters with dogs.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of incident reports involving dogs and outdoor exercisers.
    • Analysis of exerciser response strategies and their correlation with injury severity.

    Main Results:

    • The nature of the dog's behavior (playful vs. aggressive) significantly impacts the encounter.

    More Related Videos

    The Use of Traditional Fear Tests to Evaluate Different Emotional Circuits in Cattle
    12:08

    The Use of Traditional Fear Tests to Evaluate Different Emotional Circuits in Cattle

    Published on: April 22, 2020

    9.2K
    Quantifying Cognitive Decrements Caused by Cranial Radiotherapy
    10:10

    Quantifying Cognitive Decrements Caused by Cranial Radiotherapy

    Published on: October 18, 2011

    13.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

    Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    07:59

    Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

    Published on: October 13, 2019

    8.1K
    The Use of Traditional Fear Tests to Evaluate Different Emotional Circuits in Cattle
    12:08

    The Use of Traditional Fear Tests to Evaluate Different Emotional Circuits in Cattle

    Published on: April 22, 2020

    9.2K
    Quantifying Cognitive Decrements Caused by Cranial Radiotherapy
    10:10

    Quantifying Cognitive Decrements Caused by Cranial Radiotherapy

    Published on: October 18, 2011

    13.1K
  • Exerciser reactions are a critical factor in determining the outcome, influencing escape or injury.
  • Conclusions:

    • Understanding dog behavior and employing appropriate responses can mitigate risks for runners and cyclists.
    • Effective management of these encounters is crucial for preventing exercise-related injuries.