Evolution of the Concept and Pathogenesis of Chronic Renal Allograft Injury: An Updated Review

The advantages conferred by renal transplant, such as the improved quality of life and survival, are compromised by the reduced half-life of the transplanted kidney to a decade because of chronic allograft injury, which is the leading cause of transplant loss. There has been a significant evolution in the concept of the nomenclature, grading of histologic changes, diagnostic markers, and the theories of the pathogenesis of chronic allograft injury in the past decade. This review sought to consolidate the published literature that contributes toward understanding the changing concepts and pathogenesis of the chronic allograft injury, which has implications to managing and preventing chronic allograft injury in experimental and clinical settings.