Reproductive Outcomes After Hysteroscopic Resection of Retained Products of Conception

To characterize pregnancy outcomes after hysteroscopic resection of retained products of conception (RPOCs), especially as it relates to abnormal placentation.

Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Academic medical center.

All women who underwent hysteroscopic resection of RPOCs at Northwestern Prentice Women's Hospital between January 2004 and December 2014.

Hysteroscopic resection of RPOCs.

The medical records of all cases of hysteroscopic resection of RPOCs between January 2004 and December 2014 were reviewed. Demographic characteristics, operative findings, surgical procedure, surgical pathology, and pregnancy outcomes for preceding and subsequent pregnancies were obtained. Our primary outcome was abnormal placentation in the pregnancy after the procedure. There were a total of 55 subsequent pregnancies and 38 live births. Among these pregnancies, 54.5% (30/55) were vaginal deliveries, 34.5% (19/55) were cesarean deliveries, and 7.3% (4/55) were early pregnancy losses. Abnormal placentation was present in 18.1% of subsequent pregnancies (10/55). This consisted of 3 patients with placenta previa, 2 with placenta accreta, and 5 with retained placenta.

Women who undergo hysteroscopic resection of RPOCs have a higher rate of abnormal placentation in subsequent pregnancies when compared with the general population. Although the etiology is likely multifactorial, the underlying pathology leading to the initial diagnosis of RPOCs is believed to play a major role.