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Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

A Novel Pavlovian Fear Conditioning Paradigm to Study Freezing and Flight Behavior

A Novel Pavlovian Fear Conditioning Paradigm to Study Freezing and Flight Behavior

Published on: January 5, 2021

Contextual fear conditioning induces differential alternative splicing.

Shane G Poplawski¹, Lucia Peixoto², Giulia S Porcari³

¹Pharmacology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

|July 25, 2016

Summary

This study reveals novel transcript changes in the hippocampus after fear learning. Key genes like Homer1, Las1l, Snord14e, and Rbm3 show altered splicing, impacting long-term memory formation.

Keywords:

Alternative splicing Fear conditioning Homer1 RNA-seq Transcription

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Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

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Published on: March 1, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Long-term memory consolidation depends on gene expression changes in the hippocampus.
While gene expression is studied, alternative splicing regulation during memory formation is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate exon-level gene expression changes after contextual fear conditioning and retrieval.
To identify novel transcript regulation events associated with learning and memory.

Main Methods:

RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was employed to analyze exon-level expression.
Contextual fear conditioning and retrieval paradigms were used in animal models.

Main Results:

Contextual fear conditioning regulates a short variant of Homer1, named Ania-3.
Ribosome biogenesis regulator Las1l, Snord14e, and RNA-binding protein Rbm3 exhibit altered transcript usage post-conditioning.
Specific transcript changes for Ania-3 and Las1l were context-dependent, while Rbm3 changes occurred after context or shock exposure.

Conclusions:

High-throughput sequencing reveals previously undetected transcriptomic changes after learning.
Alternative splicing plays a significant role in the molecular mechanisms of memory consolidation.