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Respiratory tuberculosis in children and adolescents: Assessment of radiological severity pattern and age-related

Maria T A Buzan, Carmen Monica Pop, Mihaela Raduta

    Pneumologia (Bucharest, Romania)
    |July 26, 2016
    PubMed

    Insights

    Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) shows an increasing severity pattern, particularly in adolescents. Chest radiography (CXR) reveals more consolidation and cavities in recent cases compared to two decades ago.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Pulmonology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Childhood tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant concern in developing countries.
    • Recent classifications distinguish between severe and non-severe pediatric TB.
    • Understanding disease patterns over time is crucial for effective management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate changes in the severity of pediatric respiratory TB over two decades.
    • To compare chest radiography (CXR) findings in children with TB from two distinct time periods.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of CXRs from pediatric respiratory TB patients.
    • Comparison of cases from 1994-1999 (Group A) and 2008-2013 (Group B).
    • Assessment of disease severity patterns, including consolidation, cavities, and lymphadenopathy.

    Main Results:

    • An increase in severe TB patterns was observed from 34% in Group A to 43% in Group B.
    • The median age for severe disease increased from 10 years in Group A to 15 years in Group B.
    • Group B showed less mediastinal lymphadenopathy but more cavities and consolidation compared to Group A.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric TB chest radiography findings have shifted towards a more severe pattern.
    • Adolescents are increasingly affected by severe forms of pediatric TB.
    • Evolving CXR patterns suggest a need for updated diagnostic and treatment strategies.
    Abstract

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