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Influence of gestational age on serum incretin levels in preterm infants

H Shoji1, A Watanabe2, N Ikeda2

  • 11Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine,Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine,Tokyo,Japan.

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease
|July 26, 2016
PubMed

Insights

In preterm infants, higher glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels were observed in those born earlier. GLP-1 correlated with insulin secretion and sensitivity in the early postnatal period.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are key incretin hormones regulating insulin secretion post-meal.
  • Understanding their role in preterm infants is crucial for managing metabolic health during early development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between serum GIP and GLP-1 levels, gestational age, and insulin secretion in preterm infants.
  • To explore the association between enteral feeding and incretin hormone secretion in premature neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Serum GIP and GLP-1 levels were measured at birth and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks postpartum in 30 preterm infants.
  • Infants were categorized into early (<30 weeks gestation) and late (≥30 weeks gestation) groups.
  • Blood glucose, serum insulin, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were assessed.

Main Results:

  • GLP-1 levels were significantly higher at 2 and 4 weeks in the early group compared to the late group.
  • GIP levels did not differ significantly between the groups.
  • At 4 weeks, the early group showed higher insulin levels and lower QUICKI, with GLP-1 correlating with insulin and QUICKI.

Conclusions:

  • Enteral feeding in preterm infants is associated with GLP-1 secretion.
  • GLP-1 plays a role in stimulated insulin secretion and may influence insulin sensitivity in the early postnatal period for premature infants.

Keywords:
glucagon-like peptide-1glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptideincretininsulinpreterm infants

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