Sports Injury to the Larynx and Trachea

In brief: Athletes in contact sports frequently sustain trauma to the upper aerodigestive system. However, because of the slow progression and/or lack of symptoms relating to injuries of the larynx and associated structures, an early diagnosis is often not made. Complications may follow shortly after such injuries or later, so athletes, coaches, and team physicians should have a working knowledge of the pathophysiology of these injuries. This article discusses the anatomy of this part of the body, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of injuries to the larynx and upper aerodigestive system. Principles of treatment of upper airway trauma in general and of specific injuries are also addressed.