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New mechanical thrombectomy model in the rabbit: A feasibility study.

T Haider1, R Plasenzotti2, H Bergmeister3

  • 1University Clinic for Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Cerebrovascular Research Group, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Juchgasse 25, A-1030 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria.

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Summary

Researchers developed a new, cost-effective rabbit model for preclinical testing of mechanical thrombectomy devices. This simplified model mimics human coagulation and offers comparable vessel sizes for stroke research.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Translational Research
  • Preclinical Models

Background:

  • Thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke has limitations, including bleeding risks and low recanalization rates.
  • Mechanical thrombectomy is an emerging treatment option with improving device technology.
  • Extensive preclinical in vivo testing is crucial for new mechanical thrombectomy devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a simplified and cost-effective rabbit model for preclinical evaluation of mechanical thrombectomy devices.
  • To translate the existing pig model to a more accessible animal model.

Main Methods:

  • Eight adult female New Zealand white rabbits underwent thromboembolisation.
  • Artificial, radiopaque thrombi were created using autologous blood and barium sulfate.
  • Thrombi were delivered via catheter through the femoral artery, followed by 2D digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

Main Results:

  • The procedure was technically feasible with no observed complications or mortality.
  • Thromboemboli were successfully located in the maxillary artery (87.5%) and occipital artery (12.5%).
  • In vivo thrombus length averaged 7.0±4.55mm, with vessel diameters of 2.44±0.21mm (common carotid) and 2.1±0.16mm (maxillary).

Conclusions:

  • A novel rabbit model for mechanical thrombectomy is technically feasible, cost-effective, and safe.
  • The model provides comparable vessel diameters to human cranial arteries.
  • This rabbit model closely mimics the human coagulation system, making it suitable for preclinical stroke research.