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The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation
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Early neonatal lamb mortality: postmortem findings.

I H Holmøy1, S Waage1, E G Granquist1

  • 11Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences,Norwegian University of Life Sciences,P.O. Box 8146 Dep. N-0033 Oslo,Norway.

Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience
|July 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal lamb mortality in Norway is primarily caused by infectious diseases and traumatic injuries, with most deaths occurring within the first 48 hours after birth. Understanding these causes is crucial for implementing effective preventive measures in sheep flocks.

Keywords:
postmortemlamb mortalityneonatalsheep

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Animal Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Neonatal lamb mortality significantly impacts sheep farming economics and welfare.
  • Accurate diagnosis of mortality causes is essential for targeted interventions and risk factor assessment.
  • Previous studies highlight the need for detailed postmortem investigations in early neonatal lamb deaths.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes of death in liveborn lambs during the first five days post-birth in Norwegian sheep flocks.
  • To identify the primary pathological findings and etiological agents associated with neonatal lamb mortality.
  • To provide data for developing preventive strategies at flock, ewe, and lamb levels.

Main Methods:

  • Postmortem examination of 270 liveborn lambs that died within the first five days after birth.
  • Data collection from 17 sheep flocks across six Norwegian counties.
  • Categorization of causes of death including infectious diseases, traumatic lesions, congenital malformations, and starvation.

Main Results:

  • Infectious disease was the leading cause (36%), with septicaemia (48% of infections) and pneumonia being most common. Escherichia coli was the primary infectious agent (41% of infections, 14% of total deaths).
  • Traumatic lesions accounted for 20% of deaths, predominantly occurring within 24 hours of birth.
  • Congenital malformations (10%) and starvation (6%) were also identified causes, with 16% of cases having no specific cause identified, often from multiple litters.

Conclusions:

  • Infectious diseases and traumatic injuries are the principal drivers of early neonatal lamb mortality in the studied Norwegian flocks.
  • The critical period for lamb survival is immediately post-lambing, emphasizing the importance of lambing management and early postnatal care.
  • Identifying specific etiological agents like Escherichia coli is vital for developing effective treatment and prevention protocols.