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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

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All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
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Decoupling a hole spin qubit from the nuclear spins.

Jonathan H Prechtel1, Andreas V Kuhlmann1, Julien Houel1,2

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.

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Hole spins in InGaAs quantum dots offer a low-noise qubit platform, circumventing nuclear spin noise. This research demonstrates microsecond dephasing times, ideal for quantum computing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum computing
  • Semiconductor nanostructures
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Electron spin qubits in GaAs are limited by nuclear spin bath noise.
  • Hole spins offer a potential solution by minimizing nuclear spin interactions.
  • Achieving the ideal heavy-hole spin limit in p-type devices remains challenging due to noise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate a single hole spin in an InGaAs quantum dot within a novel low-noise p-type device.
  • Quantify the hole spin's interaction with the nuclear spin bath.
  • Assess the viability of hole spins as robust qubits.

Main Methods:

  • Dark-state spectroscopy to measure hole Zeeman energy with 10 neV resolution.
  • Creation of large transverse nuclear spin polarization.
  • Analysis of hole hyperfine interaction anisotropy.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated highly anisotropic hole hyperfine interaction, with transverse coupling <1% of longitudinal coupling.
  • Achieved the ideal heavy-hole spin limit for unpolarized nuclei, reaching nanoelectronvolt energies.
  • Observed dephasing times up to a microsecond, confirming low-noise properties.

Conclusions:

  • Single hole spins in InGaAs quantum dots are promising qubit hosts with significantly reduced dephasing.
  • The new generation of low-noise p-type devices enables near-ideal heavy-hole spin behavior.
  • Strong optical dipole and long coherence times make hole spins attractive for quantum information processing.