Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 17, 2026
Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits
Published on: September 27, 2019
The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Productivity-Related Costs: A Longitudinal Analysis
Amélie E Arnold1, Jennifer K Coffeng, Cécile R L Boot
1Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam (Ms Arnold, Dr van Tulder, Ms Nieboer, Dr van Dongen); Department of Public and Occupational Health and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center (Drs Coffeng, Boot, van der Beek); Body@Work, Research Center for Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (Drs Coffeng, Boot, van der Beek, van Tulder, van Dongen).
Objectives:
The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal relationship between job satisfaction and total productivity-related costs, and between job satisfaction and absenteeism and presenteeism costs separately. A secondary aim was to explore whether these relationships differed across job types.
Methods:
Linear generalized estimating equation analyses were used to explore the longitudinal relationships. To explore whether the relationships differed across job types, stratified analyses were performed.
Results:
A significant relationship was found between job satisfaction and total productivity-related costs [β = &OV0556;-273; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): -407 to -200] and between job satisfaction and presenteeism costs (β = &OV0556;-276; 95% CI: -367 to -235), but not between job satisfaction and absenteeism costs. These relationships differed across job types.
Conclusions:
Higher levels of job satisfaction were longitudinally related to lower total productivity-related costs and presenteeism costs, but not to lower absenteeism costs. These relationships seem to differ across job types.
Related Concept Videos
02:20Longitudinal Research
01:26Longitudinal Studies
01:01Production Efficiency
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
01:25Multiple Regression
Farmers can use multiple regression to determine the crop yield based on more than one factor, such as water availability, fertilizer, soil properties, etc. Here, the crop yield is the response or dependent variable as it depends on the other independent variables. The analysis requires the construction of a scatter plot...
01:16Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence
H0: The two variables (factors)...