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Complement activation during cardiopulmonary bypass.

A Kutsal1, U Ersoy, F Ersoy

  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey.

The Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
|May 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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This study investigated complement activation during heart surgery. Results show anesthesia, tissue damage, and cardiopulmonary bypass activate the complement system, potentially contributing to post-pump syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Surgery

Background:

  • The complement system plays a crucial role in innate immunity.
  • Post-pump syndrome is a complex clinical condition following cardiopulmonary bypass.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate complement activation pathways in patients undergoing open and closed heart surgery.
  • To identify factors contributing to complement activation during and after cardiac surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Studied complement activation in 15 open-heart and 10 closed-heart surgery patients.
  • Monitored complement activation via classical and alternative pathways.
  • Assessed complement levels at various time points, including post-operation.

Main Results:

  • Anesthesia and tissue damage initiate complement activation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cardiopulmonary bypass significantly aggravates complement activation, particularly the alternative pathway.
  • Activation persisted in the ICU, normalizing by 24 hours post-operation.
  • Pulmonary leucocyte sequestration was observed, linked to complement activation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Both classical and alternative complement pathways are involved in heart surgery.
    • The alternative pathway is more sensitive to bypass time.
    • Complement activation and mediators may contribute to post-pump syndrome pathogenesis.