Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Methods to Evaluate Cytotoxicity and Immunosuppression of Combustible Tobacco Product Preparations
Published on: January 10, 2015
Implications of Smokeless Tobacco Use Among Athletes
Abstract:
In brief: This literature review delineates the current status of smokeless tobacco. It discusses the prevalence and terminology as well as periodontal effects, buccal mucosal and soft-tissue alterations, leukoplakia, cancer, carcinogenic components, hemodynamic alterations, and potential addiction. It is clear that physicians and dentists should discourage their patients from using smokeless tobacco. Young people particularly may be influenced by popular sports figures and celebrities who convey the erroneous impression that smokeless tobacco is harmless.
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