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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

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Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
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Burn Injuries01:22

Burn Injuries

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Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
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Knee Injuries in Sailboarding.

J A Durkan

    The Physician and Sportsmedicine
    |July 27, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sailboarding can cause knee injuries, particularly medial collateral ligament (MCL) sprains linked to foot straps. Conservative treatment worked for MCL sprains, while meniscus tears required surgery, suggesting design improvements could enhance safety.

    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Orthopedic Surgery
    • Biomechanics

    Background:

    • Sailboarding is a popular water sport with inherent risks of injury.
    • Knee injuries are a significant concern for sailboarders, impacting participation and performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the types and causes of knee injuries sustained during sailboarding.
    • To evaluate the effectiveness of different treatment modalities for sailboarding-related knee injuries.
    • To identify potential injury prevention strategies through equipment modification.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 21 sailboarding-related knee injuries over a two-year period.
    • Classification of injuries included isolated medial collateral ligament (MCL) sprains, meniscus tears, and joint instability.

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  • Documentation of treatment approaches and outcomes for each injury type.

    • Main Results:

    • Twelve isolated medial collateral ligament (MCL) sprains were identified, directly associated with sailboard foot strap usage.
    • Four meniscus tears and five cases of joint instability were also recorded.
    • Conservative management proved effective for MCL sprains; arthroscopic surgery was utilized for meniscus tears.

    Conclusions:

    • Sailboarding-related knee injuries, especially MCL sprains, are frequently linked to foot strap design.
    • Current treatments show varying success rates, with conservative methods for MCL sprains and surgery for meniscus tears.
    • Developing sailboard foot straps with improved release mechanisms may significantly reduce the incidence of knee injuries in the sport.