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Innate Fear-Induced Weight Regulation in the C57BL/6J Mouse.

Elizabeth A Genné-Bacon1, Joseph R Trinko2, Ralph J DiLeone2

  • 1Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Ribicoff Research Facilities, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA.

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
|July 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Predator fear reduces body weight gain in mice, even on a high-fat diet. This weight regulation may involve neural plasticity in the dorsomedial hypothalamus, offering insights into obesity.

Keywords:
dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleushypothalamusmouse modelsobesitypredatorweight regulationΔFosB

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Area of Science:

  • * Neuroscience
  • * Physiology
  • * Behavioral Biology

Background:

  • * Small prey animals often reduce body size under long-term predator threat.
  • * Mechanisms behind predator-induced weight regulation are not fully understood.
  • * This phenomenon has implications for understanding animal weight control and human obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To establish a laboratory model for studying predation-mediated weight regulation.
  • * To investigate the effects of a fear-inducing odor on body weight in mice.
  • * To explore potential neural mechanisms underlying this weight regulation.

Main Methods:

  • * Inbred C57BL/6J mice were fed either a high-fat diet (HFD) or a chow diet.
  • * Mice were exposed daily to a fear-inducing odorant (2,4,5-trimethylthiazole; mT), an aversive odor (butyric acid; BA), or a control scent.
  • * Body weight, food intake, activity levels, and brown adipose thermogenesis were monitored over 6 weeks. ΔFosB protein levels in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) were assessed.

Main Results:

  • * Mice exposed to mT showed significantly less weight gain compared to BA-exposed mice, irrespective of diet.
  • * Differential weight gain was not attributed to changes in food intake, activity, or thermogenesis.
  • * Chronic mT exposure led to increased ΔFosB protein in the DMH.

Conclusions:

  • * A simplified laboratory model using fear-inducing odors effectively mimics predation-mediated weight regulation in mice.
  • * The study suggests a metabolic adaptation, potentially linked to neural plasticity in the DMH, contributes to this weight regulation.
  • * Further research is needed to determine the precise metabolic pathways involved.