Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

1.6K
Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
1.6K
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

1.3K
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
1.3K
Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis01:29

Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis

2.4K
Drugs affecting neurotransmitter synthesis can impact the adrenergic neuron and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. For example, α-methyltyrosine and carbidopa target specific enzymes involved in catecholamine synthesis. α-methyltyrosine inhibits the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, which converts tyrosine into dopamine. By blocking this enzyme, α-methyltyrosine reduces dopamine production and other catecholamines. Carbidopa, on the other hand, inhibits the enzyme dopa decarboxylase,...
2.4K
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

1.0K
Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
1.0K
Adrenergic Agonists: Indirect-Acting Agents01:25

Adrenergic Agonists: Indirect-Acting Agents

3.0K
Indirect-acting adrenergic agonists potentiate the effects of endogenous catecholamines through different mechanisms without directly binding to adrenoceptors.
One mechanism involves depleting stored catecholamines by displacing them from synaptic vesicles. These agents, known as "displacers," are transported into vesicles at the expense of noradrenaline. Examples include amphetamine and tyramine, which lack a catechol moiety, resulting in prolonged action, improved oral...
3.0K
Drug-Receptor Interaction: Agonist01:25

Drug-Receptor Interaction: Agonist

4.5K
Agonists are drugs that interact with specific receptors in the body to produce a biological response. When an agonist binds to a receptor, it activates or enhances the receptor's function, leading to physiological effects. The interaction between agonist drugs and receptors is crucial for their therapeutic action in various medical treatments.
Agonists can bind to receptors in different ways. Some agonists bind directly to the receptor's active site, mimicking the endogenous...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of Osilodrostat on Health-Related Quality of Life in Cushing's Disease: Analysis of Patient-Reported Outcomes From the Phase III LINC 3 and LINC 4 Clinical Trials.

Clinical endocrinology·2026
Same author

Developments in Pharmacotherapy for Acromegaly: Current and Emerging Approaches.

Drugs·2026
Same author

Efficacy and safety of once-weekly somatrogon in adults with growth hormone deficiency: a randomized phase 3 study.

Pituitary·2026
Same author

Controlling cortisol excess and comorbidities in Cushing's syndrome with osilodrostat.

Pituitary·2025
Same author

Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Lonapegsomatropin in Adults With Growth Hormone Deficiency: foresiGHt Trial Results.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2025
Same author

Rapid and Sustained Response of Biochemically Uncontrolled Acromegaly to Once-daily Oral Paltusotine Treatment.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

20.0K

Dopamine Agonists Can Reduce Cystic Prolactinomas.

Alexander Faje1, Paweena Chunharojrith1, Joshipura Nency1

  • 1Neuroendocrine Unit (A.F., P.C., B.M.K.B., A.K.) and Department of Neurosurgery (B.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and Tumor Imaging Metrics Core (J.N.), Dana Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|July 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Dopamine agonists (DAs) effectively reduce cystic prolactinoma size, contrary to prior beliefs. This study shows significant cyst volume reduction and symptom improvement in most patients treated with DAs.

More Related Videos

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
06:45

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: October 4, 2021

3.6K
Human Neural Organoids for Studying Brain Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases
09:36

Human Neural Organoids for Studying Brain Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: June 28, 2019

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

20.0K
Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
06:45

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: October 4, 2021

3.6K
Human Neural Organoids for Studying Brain Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases
09:36

Human Neural Organoids for Studying Brain Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: June 28, 2019

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cystic prolactinomas are often considered resistant to dopamine agonist (DA) therapy for volume reduction.
  • Limited large-scale studies with standardized metrics exist on DA efficacy for cystic prolactinomas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of dopamine agonists (DAs) in reducing cyst size in patients with predominantly cystic prolactinomas.
  • To characterize the clinical course and treatment outcomes in these patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 30 adult patients with cystic prolactinomas treated at a tertiary referral center.
  • Measurement of cyst volume using commercial software and assessment of pituitary hormone function.
  • Interventions included dopamine agonist (DA) therapy and transsphenoidal surgery.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-three of 30 patients received initial DA treatment, with a median cyst volume reduction of 83.5%.
  • Significant cyst reduction occurred in 20 of 22 patients, with resolution of chiasm compression in 4 of 5 and improvement in hypopituitarism in 5 of 6.
  • Transsphenoidal surgery was ultimately performed in 15 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Dopamine agonists (DAs) achieve significant cyst reduction in the majority of patients with cystic prolactinomas.
  • Contrary to assumptions, medical therapy with DAs can be effective for cystic prolactinomas, even with large lesions or chiasm compression.