[Interaction between bone and artery]
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
Insights
Osteoporosis and vascular calcification share common mechanisms. Bone remodeling factors significantly influence vascular calcification, offering new therapeutic targets for these prevalent age-related diseases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Bone Biology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Osteoporosis and vascular calcification are common in aging, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- Vascular calcification is now understood as a process akin to bone formation, not just degeneration.
- Emerging research highlights molecular links between bone remodeling and vascular calcification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the molecular mechanisms linking bone remodeling and vascular calcification.
- To explore how factors regulating bone metabolism impact vascular calcification.
- To discuss the implications for understanding and treating these conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on bone remodeling and vascular calcification.
- Analysis of molecular pathways common to both processes.
- Synthesis of hypotheses regarding the interaction between osteoporosis and vascular calcification.
Main Results:
- Impaired bone remodeling can alter calcium/phosphate balance, promoting vascular calcification.
- Vascular calcification may precede or coincide with osteoporosis development.
- Bone remodeling molecules (e.g., estrogen, PTH, vitamin D, RANK/RANKL/OPG, Wnt signaling) and inhibitors (e.g., MGP) are implicated in vascular calcification.
Conclusions:
- Bone remodeling factors play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification.
- Understanding these shared mechanisms opens avenues for novel therapeutic strategies.
- Targeting bone-related pathways may offer a unified approach to managing osteoporosis and vascular calcification.
Abstract:
Both osteoporosis and vascular calcification are highly prevalent in aged subjects and patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease(CKD). Although it has long been thought that vascular calcification is a consequence of degeneration of vessel walls, recent studies unveiled the molecular mechanism of vascular calcification and identified the vascular calcification as a process similar to bone formation. With the advent of the understanding of the basis for bone remodeling, several hypotheses have been proposed for the underlying mechanism of the interaction between osteoporosis and vascular calcification. Briefly,(1)impaired bone remodeling may perturb serum calcium/phosphate, thus contributing to increased vascular calcification,(2)vascular calcification may precede osteoporosis, and(3)molecules responsible for bone remodeling, including estrogen, parathyroid hormone and vitamin D, RANK(receptor activator of nuclear factor kB), RANK ligand(RANKL), and osteoprotegerin(OPG), Wnt signaling, and loss of calcification inhibitors(matrix Gla protein)may promote vascular calcification. This review discusses the emerging role of bone remodeling factors in vascular calcification.
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