Levels of Ycg1 Limit Condensin Function during the Cell Cycle
Tyler W Doughty1, Heather E Arsenault1, Jennifer A Benanti1
1Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Plos Genetics
|July 28, 2016
Summary
Budding yeast condensin subunit Ycg1 levels are regulated throughout the cell cycle, limiting chromosome condensation during interphase. This regulation is crucial for efficient cell cycle progression.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Chromosome condensation is essential for segregation during mitosis, mediated by the condensin complex.
- Mechanisms regulating condensin activity during interphase remain largely unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cell cycle regulation of condensin activity.
- To identify factors controlling condensin function during interphase.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of Ycg1 (Cap-G subunit) expression levels throughout the cell cycle in budding yeast.
- Investigating the impact of YCG1 overexpression and stabilization mutations on cell cycle progression.
- Quantifying intact condensin complex levels and chromatin binding in different cell cycle phases.
Main Results:
- Ycg1 levels peak during mitosis and decrease during G1 phase, controlled by transcription and degradation.
- YCG1 overexpression or stabilization causes cell cycle delays and proliferation defects.
- Ycg1 appears to be a limiting factor for condensin complex formation, with reduced complex levels and chromatin binding in G1.
Conclusions:
- Ycg1 levels limit condensin function in interphase.
- Condensin association with chromosomes must be reduced post-mitosis for cell cycle progression.
Related Concept Videos
02:15Condensins
4.8K
Condensins are large protein complexes that use ATP to fuel the assembly of chromosomes during mitosis. They transform the tangled, shapeless mass of post-interphase DNA into individualized chromosomes by compacting, organizing, and segregating chromosomal DNA.
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
4.8K
02:15Condensins
2.2K
2.2K
01:28The Cell Cycle Control System
6.3K
The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and...
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and...
6.3K
02:11The Cell Cycle Control System
14.8K
The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
14.8K
02:11The Cell Cycle Control System
9.2K
9.2K
02:34Inhibition of Cdk Activity
6.1K
The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
6.1K