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Related Concept Videos

B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
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Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Interrogating Individual Autoreactive Germinal Centers by Photoactivation in a Mixed Chimeric Model of Autoimmunity
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B Cell Malignancies Frequently Target the Autoreactive B Cell Repertoire.

G Dighiero1, L Borche1

  • 1a Unité d'Immunohémathologie et d'Immunopathologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.

Leukemia & Lymphoma
|July 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoreactive B cells, which produce natural autoantibodies, are frequently linked to B-cell malignancies. Their activation may promote mutations and chromosomal translocations, driving cancer development.

Keywords:
Autoreactive B cellsB CLL

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T and B Cell Receptor Immune Repertoire Analysis using Next-generation Sequencing
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VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • B-cell biology

Background:

  • Autoreactive B cells are a significant component of the B cell repertoire.
  • These cells often produce natural autoantibodies derived from germline genes.
  • Evidence suggests the autoreactive B cell repertoire is prone to malignant transformation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and significance of autoantibody activity in B-cell malignancies.
  • To explore the potential role of self-antigen challenge in the malignant transformation of autoreactive B cells.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of antibody activity in paraproteins and B-cell malignancies.
  • Assessment of autoantibody profiles in monoclonal immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG, IgA).
  • Induction of immunoglobulin secretion in specific B cell types (CD5+ CLL, CD5- follicular lymphoma).

Main Results:

  • A high frequency of autoantibody activity was observed in paraproteins and B-cell malignancies.
  • Approximately 30% of IgM paraproteins and at least 10% of IgG/IgA monoclonal immunoglobulins showed autoantibody activity (e.g., rheumatoid factor, cold agglutinin).
  • Similar high autoantibody activity was noted in induced immunoglobulin secretion from CD5+ CLL and CD5- follicular lymphoma B cells.

Conclusions:

  • The autoreactive B cell repertoire frequently exhibits autoantibody activity, often associated with B-cell malignancies.
  • Continuous stimulation by self-antigens may create an environment conducive to mutations and chromosomal translocations in autoreactive B cells.
  • This suggests a potential mechanism linking autoimmunity and lymphomagenesis.